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Silicon (₁₄Si^28.0855)
[7440-21-3]

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Elemental Form


Crystalline silicon is a lustrous, grayish-black color, while the amorphous form is a dark brown powder. Making up 25% of the earth's crust, silicon is the second most abundant element, following oxygen. Silicon is not found free in nature, but can form more compounds than any other element, except carbon. It is the most important semiconducting element. Silicon and its many compounds have some of the most useful mechanical, optical, thermal, and electrical properties known.
Melting Point	1414°C	Boiling Point	2355°C
Density	2.33g/cm³	Themal Conductivity	0.20cal/cm²/cm/s/°C
Specific Heat @ 25°C	0.162cal/g°C	Heat of Fusion	11.1k-cal/g-atom
Heat of Vaporization B.P.	40.6k-cal/g-atom	Atomic Volume	12.1W/D
First Ionization Energy	188K-cal/g-mole	Electronegativity	1.8Pauling's
Covalent Radius	1.11Angstroms	Mohs Hardness @ 20°C	7.0
Electrical Resistivity	23x10¹⁰µΩ-cm	Crystal Structure	Diamond
Critical Temperature	4920°C	Critical Pressure	1450atm